Issue № 90. February 2022

Analysis of National Innovation System Development Dynamics in Russia (Part 1)

Marina Yu. Arkhipova
DSc (Economic), Professor, Faculty of Economic Sciences; Leading Research Fellow, Laboratory for Wealth Measurement, National Research University “Higher school of Economics”, Moscow, Russian Federation.
E-mail: marhipova@hse.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9022-7385

Maxim A. Sobolev
Postgraduate student, Faculty of Economic Sciences, National Research University “Higher school of Economics”, Moscow, Russian Federation.
E-mail: msobolev@hse.ru
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1068-6371

Nowadays the formation and enhancing of national innovation systems (NIS) are the most important areas on which the role of countries in the world arena largely depends. In this regard, it becomes especially important to constantly monitor the NIS development dynamics and innovative activity in order to understand the effect of the taken actions and decisions. Thus, this article is devoted to the study of Russian NIS development dynamics. The article attempts to determine the starting point for the transition to an innovative path and to identify the features of transformation processes. The usage of the model for representing the structure of the NIS in the form of enlarged macroblocks made it possible to analyze the key indicators characterizing the efficiency of its functioning, as well as to identify trends, tendencies and dynamics of innovative activity. Based on the analysis of the development indicators of NIS and innovation activity by type of economic activity, the “burdening” factors that inhibit the innovation process, as well as the “points of growth” due to which innovative development has a positive trend have been defined. The main problems of Russia, identified in the course of this study, are the following: disproportions in the distribution of key elements of the NIS and its fragmentation, the unwillingness of organizations to engage in large-scale financing of research and development, low intensity with an investment increase in innovation. The article also indicates the prospects for further research, including more detailed analysis of the “leading industries” of innovative development and the indicators of cooperation between science, education and business.

Keywords

National innovation system (NIS), NIS development indicators, statistics of innovation activity, NACE rev. 2, innovation economy, analysis of innovation activity.

DOI: 10.24412/2070-1381-2022-90-90-107